티스토리 뷰
vmstat
가상 메모리 상태를 리포트한다.
사용방법
vmstat [-a] [-n] [delay [ count]]
vmstat [-f] [-s] [-m]
vmstat [-S unit]
vmstat [-d]
vmstat [-p disk partition]
vmstat [-V]| 옵션 | 설명 |
| -a | 메모리의 buff/cache 정보 대신 active/inactive 메모리 정보를 리포팅 |
| -f | 부팅된 이후로 fork 된 프로세스의 토탈 값을 리포팅 |
| -m | slabinfo 리포팅(비교 : cat /proc/slabinfo) |
| -s | 이벤트 카운터 와 메모리 정보 리포팅 |
| -d | 디스크 상태 리포팅 |
| -p [파티션이름] | 파티션 상태 리포팅 |
| -S [단위] | 리포팅 결과를 단위 별로 출력(k=1000, K=1024, m=1000000, M=1048576) |
| -V | 버젼 정보 확인 |
로드 확인
가상 메모리 정보 확인
# vmstat -S M 1 10
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
1 0 65 146 22 14854 0 0 154 58 1 1 3 4 91 2 0
1 0 65 140 22 14854 0 0 168 904 549 2133 9 11 76 4 0
3 0 65 151 22 14855 0 0 1216 56 438 634 5 9 83 4 0
1 0 65 150 22 14857 0 0 2088 0 426 692 4 9 83 3 0
1 1 65 160 22 14857 0 0 4 5132 790 1174 7 9 76 8 0
2 2 65 160 22 14857 0 0 0 3980 873 203 4 9 74 13 0
1 0 65 155 22 14857 0 0 40 2064 775 2344 7 11 76 6 0
1 0 65 163 22 14857 0 0 0 0 269 146 4 9 87 0 0
1 0 65 163 22 14857 0 0 0 208 331 208 4 8 87 0 0
1 0 65 154 22 14857 0 0 4 1004 568 1387 8 8 83 1 0가상 메모리 정보를 1초 단위로 10개의 리포팅 결과를 Mb단위로 리포팅
변화량을 보면서 시스템의 로드 상태를 한눈에 파악할 수 있다.
| 필드 | 상세 |
| Procs | r: The number of processes waiting for run time. b: The number of processes in uninterruptible sleep. |
| Memory | swpd: the amount of virtual memory used. free: the amount of idle memory. buff: the amount of memory used as buffers. cache: the amount of memory used as cache. inact: the amount of inactive memory. (-a option) active: the amount of active memory. (-a option) |
| Swap | si: Amount of memory swapped in from disk (/s). so: Amount of memory swapped to disk (/s). |
| IO | bi: Blocks received from a block device (blocks/s). bo: Blocks sent to a block device (blocks/s). |
| System | in: The number of interrupts per second, including the clock. cs: The number of context switches per second. |
| CPU | These are percentages of total CPU time. us: Time spent running non-kernel code. (user time, including nice time) sy: Time spent running kernel code. (system time) id: Time spent idle. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, this includes IO-wait time. wa: Time spent waiting for IO. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, included in idle. st: Time stolen from a virtual machine. Prior to Linux 2.6.11, unknown. |
디스크 정보 확인
# vmstat -d 10 2
disk- ------------reads------------ ------------writes----------- -----IO------
total merged sectors ms total merged sectors ms cur sec
ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
sda 177384304 14686897 5604656144 601391488 65158669 143528504 1683865154 1665986380 0 326591
sdb 105722566 21960 846104872 54900932 1658625 90066001 733797956 171918508 0 57350
md0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
sda 177384368 14686933 5604657864 601391884 65158730 143528545 1683865970 1665986500 0 326591
sdb 105722566 21960 846104872 54900932 1658625 90066001 733797956 171918508 0 57350
md0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0디스크 정보를 10초 단위로 2개의 리포팅 결과를 출력
10초 동안 사용 디스크에 reads/writes 된 양을 측정할 수 있다.
| 필드 | 상세 |
| Reads | total: Total reads completed successfully merged: grouped reads (resulting in one I/O) sectors: Sectors read successfully ms: milliseconds spent reading |
| Writes | total: Total writes completed successfully merged: grouped writes (resulting in one I/O) sectors: Sectors written successfully ms: milliseconds spent writing |
| IO | cur: I/O in progress s: seconds spent for I/O |
파티션 정보 확인
# vmstat -p sda7
sda7 reads read sectors writes requested writes
98051551 1003789066 20893244 167145864| 필드 | 상세 |
| reads | Total number of reads issued to this partition |
| read sectors | Total read sectors for partition |
| writes | Total number of writes issued to this partition |
| requested writes | Total number of write requests made for partition |
카운트 정보 확인
# vmstat -s
16418312 total memory
16246136 used memory
15519640 active memory
380740 inactive memory
172176 free memory
29516 buffer memory
15369956 swap cache
1959920 total swap
66792 used swap
1893128 free swap
72643998 non-nice user cpu ticks
85 nice user cpu ticks
75778486 system cpu ticks
1894720309 idle cpu ticks
45473199 IO-wait cpu ticks
669631 IRQ cpu ticks
4294355 softirq cpu ticks
0 stolen cpu ticks
3224661344 pages paged in
1208764319 pages paged out
5131 pages swapped in
20275 pages swapped out
1358027128 interrupts
3451127912 CPU context switches
1341349230 boot time
98464178 forks메모리와 cpu 정보뿐 아니라, 페이지 정보와 부팅 후 포크 된 프로세스 개수, 인터럽트 및 context switche 된 개수 등을 정보 등을 확인할 수 있다.
슬랩 정보 확인
# vmstat -m
Cache Num Total Size Pages
fib6_nodes 5 59 64 59
ip6_dst_cache 4 12 320 12
ndisc_cache 1 12 320 12
RAWv6 11 14 1088 7
UDPLITEv6 0 0 1088 7
UDPv6 0 0 1088 7
tw_sock_TCPv6 0 0 192 20
request_sock_TCPv6 0 0 192 20
TCPv6 4 6 1920 2
ip_fib_alias 10 59 64 59
ip_fib_hash 10 59 64 59
dm_mpath_io 0 0 40 92
dm_target_io 0 0 24 144
dm_io 0 0 40 92
scsi_cmd_cache 133 150 384 10
sgpool-128 2 2 4096 1
sgpool-64 3 4 2048 2
sgpool-32 2 4 1024 4
sgpool-16 28 48 512 8
sgpool-8 213 285 256 15
scsi_io_context 0 0 112 34
ext3_inode_cache 97740 116588 968 4
ext3_xattr 22258 56540 88 44
journal_handle 159 288 24 144
journal_head 4555 4600 96 40
revoke_table 14 202 16 202
revoke_record 6 112 32 112
uhci_urb_priv 0 0 56 67
UNIX 97 116 896 4
flow_cache 0 0 128 30
cfq_io_context 186 250 152 25
cfq_queue 158 224 136 28
mqueue_inode_cache 1 7 1088 7
isofs_inode_cache 0 0 768 5
hugetlbfs_inode_cache 1 5 752 5
ext2_inode_cache 0 0 976 4
ext2_xattr 0 0 88 44
dnotify_cache 0 0 40 92
dquot 921 975 256 15
inotify_event_cache 0 0 40 92
inotify_watch_cache 1 53 72 53
kioctx 0 0 384 10
kiocb 0 0 256 15
fasync_cache 0 0 24 144
shmem_inode_cache 381 416 960 4
nsproxy 0 0 56 67
posix_timers_cache 0 0 160 24
uid_cache 11 36 320 12
ip_mrt_cache 0 0 128 30
UDP-Lite 0 0 960 4
tcp_bind_bucket 287 560 32 112
inet_peer_cache 1 59 64 59
secpath_cache 0 0 64 59
xfrm_dst_cache 0 0 384 10
ip_dst_cache 350 350 384 10
arp_cache 2 30 256 15
RAW 9 12 896 4
UDP 14 28 960 4
tw_sock_TCP 366 580 192 20
request_sock_TCP 86 150 128 30
TCP 82 104 1728 4
eventpoll_pwq 10 53 72 53
eventpoll_epi 10 30 128 30
blkdev_ioc 183 354 64 59
blkdev_queue 19 24 1752 4
blkdev_requests 156 156 288 13
biovec-256 2 2 4096 1
biovec-128 2 2 2048 2
biovec-64 4 20 1024 4
biovec-16 6 60 256 15
biovec-4 41 177 64 59
biovec-1 330 404 16 202
bio 333 390 128 30
sock_inode_cache 245 296 832 4
skbuff_fclone_cache 235 280 512 7
skbuff_head_cache 671 795 256 15
file_lock_cache 41 100 192 20
Acpi-Operand 2321 2773 64 59
Acpi-ParseExt 0 0 64 59
Acpi-Parse 0 0 40 92
Acpi-State 0 0 80 48
Acpi-Namespace 1139 1232 32 112
proc_inode_cache 17334 17595 752 5
sigqueue 320 528 160 24
radix_tree_node 75259 95375 552 7
bdev_cache 35 40 960 4
sysfs_dir_cache 5073 5280 80 48
mnt_cache 29 60 256 15
inode_cache 337 460 720 5
dentry 111795 143082 216 18
filp 3966 6420 256 15
names_cache 96 110 4096 1
avc_node 15 53 72 53
selinux_inode_security 218 560 96 40
key_jar 31 80 192 20
idr_layer_cache 119 119 528 7
buffer_head 61868 86173 104 37
mm_struct 295 404 896 4
Cache Num Total Size Pages
vm_area_struct 9874 13574 176 22
fs_cache 402 780 128 30
files_cache 233 450 768 5
signal_cache 352 504 832 9
sighand_cache 265 345 2176 3
task_struct 322 400 1936 2
anon_vma 1771 2852 40 92
pid_namespace 0 0 2104 3
pid_1 626 900 128 30
shared_policy_node 0 0 48 77
numa_policy 7 144 24 144
size-4194304(DMA) 0 0 4194304 1
size-4194304 0 0 4194304 1
size-2097152(DMA) 0 0 2097152 1
size-2097152 0 0 2097152 1
size-1048576(DMA) 0 0 1048576 1
size-1048576 0 0 1048576 1
size-524288(DMA) 0 0 524288 1
size-524288 0 0 524288 1
size-262144(DMA) 0 0 262144 1
size-262144 0 0 262144 1
size-131072(DMA) 0 0 131072 1
size-131072 1 1 131072 1
size-65536(DMA) 0 0 65536 1
size-65536 0 0 65536 1
size-32768(DMA) 0 0 32768 1
size-32768 7 7 32768 1
size-16384(DMA) 0 0 16384 1
size-16384 15 15 16384 1
size-8192(DMA) 0 0 8192 1
size-8192 3 3 8192 1
size-4096(DMA) 0 0 4096 1
size-4096 328 338 4096 1
size-2048(DMA) 0 0 2048 2
size-2048 563 614 2048 2
size-1024(DMA) 0 0 1024 4
size-1024 1091 1200 1024 4
size-512(DMA) 0 0 512 8
size-512 689 720 512 8
size-256(DMA) 0 0 256 15
size-256 1480 1620 256 15
size-128(DMA) 0 0 128 30
size-64(DMA) 0 0 64 59
size-32(DMA) 0 0 32 112
size-32 5383 5712 32 112
size-128 1848 1920 128 30
size-64 76645 406156 64 59
kmem_cache 145 160 384 10슬랩 정보를 확인할 수 있다.
| 필드 | 상세 |
| cache | Cache name |
| num | Number of currently active objects |
| total | Total number of available objects |
| size | Size of each object |
| pages | Number of pages with at least one active object |
| totpages | Total number of allocated pages |
| pslab | Number of pages per slab |
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